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7. Which of the following gives an example of points discussed in paragraph 1?
A. Research by scholars of various expertise
B. Efforts of understanding the lakes
C. The success of drilling lakes
D. Lakes underneath the ice layer
E. The failure of lake exploration
Jawaban: B. Efforts of understanding the lakes
Passage 3
The study’s findings are important because they use a biological marker to show a direct link between chronic stress and heart disease. Stressors, such as marital or financial troubles, have been linked to heart disease, but doctors could only rely on questionnaires to determine people’s stress level. This study looked at a more objective, measurable sign —the level of cortisol, a hormone released during stress— that shows up in the hair shaft. Measuring cortisol levels in hair also can indicate how long a person has been stressed, says Gideon Koren, one of study’s authors and a toxicologist at the University of Western Ontario. Cortisol, which is secreted by the adrenal glands, also shows up in urine and saliva, but that only shows stress at the moment of measurement — not over long periods of time.
“Hair grows about one centimeter (a fraction of an inch) a month, so if we take a hair sample, six centimeters (2.6 inches) long, we can measure the cortisol level and determine stress level for the past six months,” Koren says. This is critical, he adds, “because what kill is chronic stress.”
In the study, researchers took a 3-centimeter hair sample from 56 male heart attack patients admitted to Meir Medical Center in Israel. Hair samples were also taken from a control group, hospitalized for reasons other than a heart attack. The group did not differ significantly in terms of diabetes, high blood pressure, smoking, and a family history of heart disease.
8. Based on the passage, it can be inferred that…
A. One may learn stress level through measuring his own hair
B. Only cortisol is more accurate in detecting one’s stress
C. One’s temporary stress can be judged by testing his urine
D. Doctors tend to use two ways of understanding one’s stress
E. Multi-functions of saliva lead one to know his gradual stress
Jawaban: C. One’s temporary stress can be judged by testing his urine
9. Which of the following is a restatement of “..., but doctors could only rely on questionnaires to determine people’s stress level” (paragraph 1 line 2)?
A. Although using questionnaires only, doctors can discover people’s degree of stress
B. Only questionnaires can inform doctors more accurately about people’s scale of stress
C. People’s stress levels are dependent merely on questionnaires for doctors to know
D. Questionnaires for doctors are only means understanding people’s stress levels
E. Questionnaires are only one of doctor’s efforts to predict people’s stress degree
Jawaban: C. People’s stress levels are dependent merely on questionnaires for doctors to know
10. The paragraph following the passage will likely talk about….
A. Smoking habits are some risk factors to lung cancers
B. Hair cortisol content as an influential factor of diabetes
C. High blood pressure as a dominant factor for sudden death
D. Hair cortisol content a stronger predictor of heart attack
E. Cholesterol level as a significant indicator of one’s health level
Jawaban: D. Hair cortisol content a stronger predictor of heart attack
11. The author organizes his/her ideas in the passage by…
A. Presenting causes followed by its effects
B. Interpreting different ways of classifying
C. Presenting the strength of the main idea
D. Exposing supporting ideas chronologically
E. Putting the central idea followed by examples
Jawaban: D. Exposing supporting ideas chronologically
Passage 4
Sometimes experience in other countries can help people to understand their own Identity better. Mahatma Gandhi was born 1869 at Portandar in western India. After studying in India, he dreamt of going to England to study. He was that his Hindu religion did not allow voyages abroad. However, Gandhi was very determined and he finally left for England in 1887. At first he tried to learn to behave like an English gentleman, but he soon learnt that it was better to be himself. He studied law in London, qualifying in 1891. He also learnt about other religions.
He returned home to India and worked as a lawyer for two years. After some Problems, he was offered a job in South Africa. Here he experienced racism as a member of the Indian community. He decided to fight for the rights of Indians using "passive resistance".
He had three main beliefs, namely nonviolence, religious tolerance and truth. When he finally returned to India in 1915, he became a great political leader. During the Fight for independence, he was often put in prison, but his beliefs never changed.
Gandhi had studied in Britain, so he understood the British better than they understood him. Gandhi's leadership led to independence, but, on the Independence Day, 15 August, 1947, Gandhi refused to celebrate. He was in favor of Hindu-Muslim Unity but Muslims and Hindus could not agree, so a separate Muslim state was formed In Pakistan. In 1948, Gandhi started fasting to death as a protest against fighting between Indian and Pakistan. He was assassinated by a Hindu fanatic on 30th January 1948. India and Pakistan are still fighting in Kashmir today. The fight for independence was a difficult one, but not as difficult as the fight for non-violence, religious tolerance and truth.
12. We can infer from the following statement about Mahatma Gandhi, EXCEPT….
A. He understood Hinduism and Islam equally well
B. He knew well the characteristics of the English people
C. He had good knowledge about law issues
D. He had hardest time fighting for independence of this nation
E. He experienced racism when he was in South Africa
Jawaban: A. He understood Hinduism and Islam equally well
13. The following statements are true about Mahatma Gandhi, Except:
A. Mahatma Gandhi studying in Britain was against Hinduism principles
B. Mahatma Gandhi believed in non-violence, religious tolerance and truth
C. Mahatma Gandhi learned and understood about some religions well
D. Mahatma Gandhi fought hard for the unity of his nation
E. Mahatma Gandhi did not like the idea of Hindu-Muslim unity in India
Jawaban: E. Mahatma Gandhi did not like the idea of Hindu-Muslim unity in India
14. Mahatma Gandhi got his university degree in
A. 1887
B. 1915
C. 1891
D. 1947
E. 1948
Jawaban: C. 1891